Choose the trade term with a named place and version, then document freight, risk, customs, and acceptance as separate project decisions.
A branded tumbler, tote, welcome kit, or event shipment can appear simple until the order crosses a border. “Delivered to our office” may hide five separate decisions: the transport cost, the point where cargo risk moves, export formalities, import clearance, and the evidence that ends the supplier’s delivery obligation. Treating those as one promise creates disputes precisely when goods are delayed, damaged, or held for clearance. This is an operational procurement guide, not a LogoPress shipping policy or legal, customs, tax, insurance, or title advice. Confirm the applicable law and country-specific requirements with qualified advisers and the parties responsible for entry.
Use Incoterms for its defined job
ICC’s current Incoterms® 2020 rules set out 11 trade terms for B2B sales. They allocate specified costs, risks, delivery obligations, and export/import formalities. They do not set the price, payment timing, payment security, quality remedy, or transfer of ownership/title. ICC’s commercial-contracts guidance is especially clear that title is outside the rules and may need a separately valid contract clause under the applicable law. The quotation should therefore state a complete expression such as CIP [named place], Incoterms® 2020 or another term that fits the actual transport plan, then separately state the price, payment terms, title clause if needed, and inspection/acceptance process.
The named place needs precision. A city alone may leave a warehouse, port, terminal, or buyer dock unidentified. For a containerized promotional-products order, record the exact delivery point and the destination to which carriage is arranged. ICC Academy’s CPT/CIP explanation distinguishes them: under those C terms, delivery and risk transfer when goods are handed to the carrier, while the seller may still pay carriage to the named destination. A paid-freight line is therefore not evidence that the seller bears transit risk until arrival.
相关商品
Boundary
Decision to record
Evidence that makes it usable
Product readiness
Exact SKU/configuration, artwork revision, quantity, packing standard
Approved proof, packing instruction, production release
Contract delivery/risk point
Term, Incoterms® 2020, named place and point
Contract/quote plus carrier handoff record
Main carriage cost
Who arranges and pays each leg; included versus excluded charges
Booking confirmation and freight scope
Insurance
Required or optional coverage, insured party, claim contact
Final address, unloading, receiving hours, inspection window
Proof of delivery and exception record
Do not use risk transfer as a substitute for an arrival milestone
For project management, keep two dates. The contract delivery point is the point defined by the selected term. The operational arrival milestone is the carrier’s handoff at the final named receiving location. Add a third record, acceptance, when the buyer needs time to check quantity, visible damage, packing, or the agreed customization against the approved specification. These may be the same event under a particular agreement, but do not assume they are.
This distinction is useful with C terms. ICC Academy explains that under CPT and CIP, risk may transfer to the buyer when the seller hands the goods to the first carrier even though the seller arranges and pays carriage to the named destination. A buyer should know who will report a loss, what insurance is in place, and which event triggers a logistics update. A supplier should know what evidence satisfies its delivery obligation and which post-arrival questions remain subject to an agreed inspection or claim route.
Name the import role before booking
The commercial phrase “duties included” is not enough to establish who is importer of record, who can give customs data, or who remains responsible to an authority. In the United States, CBP says an importer of record remains ultimately responsible for correct entry documentation and applicable duties, taxes, and fees even when a customs broker is used. That is a U.S.-specific statement; it should not be generalized to another destination. For each country, identify the legal importing entity, broker, importer number or equivalent identifier, tariff classification/data owner, valuation/document owner, and who receives a customs query.
ICC Academy highlights why this choice is practical: DDP places import-formality responsibility on the seller, while DAP leaves import formalities with the buyer. It also warns that some countries may prevent foreign entities from completing import customs and tax formalities. Do not select DDP merely because the buyer wants a delivered price. Confirm that the seller can lawfully and operationally undertake that role at the destination. When neither party has confirmed the importer structure, hold the shipment plan open rather than labeling the issue “freight.”
Make freight scope legible
List each leg: origin collection, export handling, main carriage, transit, destination terminal/port, customs clearance, last-mile delivery, unloading, storage/demurrage exposure, and return or disposal if delivery fails. State whether quotation freight is estimated or booked, what date/weight/volume assumptions support it, and how a route, fuel, inspection, or storage change is handled. A reliable duty estimate depends on the goods, origin, valuation, classification, entry facts, and destination rules.
The next step is a one-page “cross-border handoff sheet” attached to the commercial record. It should carry the Incoterms expression and exact place, importer/broker contacts, document list, freight legs, risk/insurance owner, arrival contact, unloading responsibility, and evidence for contract delivery, arrival, and acceptance. Have the buyer, supplier, forwarder, and customs contact review their own rows before cargo is released. That short alignment prevents a freight quote from being mistaken for a complete cross-border delivery plan.
Sources
Incoterms® 2020 — International Chamber of Commerce; accessed 2026-09-12. Scope: official 2020 rules overview.
Tips for New Importers and Exporters — U.S. Customs and Border Protection; accessed 2026-09-12. Scope: U.S. import procedures and responsibility.
Incoterms® 2020: EXW or DDP? — ICC Academy; accessed 2026-09-12. Scope: explanatory comparison of export/import formalities.
Apply this to a product brief
An umbrella shipment is one possible starting point for this planning method. Review the catalogue example LP5200 for the product reference, then confirm the project-specific configuration and commercial terms.
